Effects of ethanolic extracts of Garcinia mangostana fruit pericarp on oxidant-antioxidant status and foam cells in atherosclerotic rats

Abstract

Dwi Laksono Adiputro, Husnul Khotimah, M. Aris Widodo,Rochmad Romdoni, Djanggan Sargowo

The present study was aimed to determine whether ethanolic extract of mangosteen pericarp (EEMP) changed oxidant-antioxidant status and foam cell formation in atherosclerotic rats. Thirty two male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 6 for each), including standard diet (control) group, hypercholesterolemic diet (HD) group, HD + EEMP at doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight. Analyses of serum H2O2 level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) activity were done using colorimetric methods. Foam cells counts were measured histologically with Oil Red O staining. One Way Analysis of Variance test was used to analyze the differences in all parameters. Hypercholesterolemic diet significantly increased H2O2 compared with the control group, but significantly decreased in EEMP-receiving group starting at dose of 200 mg/kg than that in HD group. There is no difference in GPx activity among all groups. Hypercholesterolemic diet decreased CAT activity compared with control group (P = 0.052), but was significantly increased in EEMP-receiving group at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg. The levels of foam cells counts were significantly decreased in EEMP-receiving group at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg than that in HD group. In conclusion, EEMP at dose of 400 mg/kg BW decreased oxidant levels due to modulation of catalase activity and also inhibited foam cells formation.