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Effects of alpha-lipoic acid and its combined use with vitamin C on periodontal tissues and markers of oxidative stress in rats with experimental periodontitis

Abstract

Oguz Kose, Taner Arabaci, Eda Kermen, Alper Kizildag, Hatice Yemenoglu,Murat Alkurt, Seckin Ozkanlar

Objective: The potential impacts of antioxidants and their combinations upon inflammatory periodontal diseases are a popular research area. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) and its combined use with Vitamin C (VitC) on periodontal tissues in terms of oxidative stress and alveolar bone loss in rats with experimental periodontitis. Methods: Thirty-six male rats were divided into four groups: control (C), experimental periodontitis (PED), periodontitis treated with ALA (P-ALA), and periodontitis treated with ALA and VitC (P-ALA/VitC). For periodontitis induction, rats’ first mandibular molars were ligatured submarginally for 5 weeks. After ligature removal, intragastric treatments with ALA of VitC (50 mg/kg each) were given for 15 consecutive days. Following euthanizing of the animals, mandibular tissues were obtained for biochemical and histologic analysis. Results: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were lower in both P-ALA and P-ALA/VitC groups compared to the PED group. While 8-OHdG levels were statistically higher in the P-ALA/VitC group compared to the ALA group, MDA and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were statistically similar between these groups. Also, GSH levels were statistically higher in the P-ALA and P-ALA/VitC groups compared to the PED group. Additionally, histologic analysis showed that treatment with ALA and ALA/VitC combination inhibited periodontal tissue destruction. Conclusions: This study revealed that ALA regulated oxidant and antioxidant parameters in periodontally diseased tissues and restricted periodontal tissue destruction. However, VitC did not provide any additional supportive therapeutic effect to ALA.

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